When was 802.11a ratified

In , the IEEE ratified the original By , however, some mobile devices that utilized Wi-Fi were coming out and portable laptops were becoming more standard for both business and personal use. That is when As we moved closer to today, in , the birth of the smartphone really came about and along with it came the ratification of Today, smart devices are robust enough to replace specialized, more expensive laptop technologies so wireless has had to catch up. This is where we get into the current realm of While the original amendment is no longer valid, the term Since the 2.

However, this high carrier frequency also brings a disadvantage: the effective overall range of In theory, In practice, In June , a third modulation standard was ratified: This works in the 2. The then-proposed By summer , most dual-band Details of making b and g work well together occupied much of the lingering technical process; in an Like REVma or Upon approval on March 8, , Support for 5 GHz bands is optional.

Prior to the final ratification, enterprises were already migrating to REVmb or In addition much cleanup was done, including a reordering of many of the clauses. IEEE Changes compared to As of October , high-end implementations support 80 MHz channels, three spatial streams, and QAM, yielding a data rate of up to This frequency band has significantly different propagation characteristics than the 2.

Products implementing the The peak transmission rate of The first major manufacturer to use Cisco joined by buying up Linksys, an early adopter, and also offers its own wireless mobile adaptors under the name Aironet. It is projected that There are two competing variants of the The standardization process is expected to be completed by the end of The additional transmitter and receiver antennas allow for increased data throughput through spatial multiplexing and increased range by exploiting the spatial diversity, perhaps through coding schemes like Alamouti coding.

Because the IEEE only sets specifications but does not test equipment for compliance with them, a trade group called the Wi-Fi Alliance runs a certification program that members pay to participate in.

Virtually all companies selling The Wi-Fi trademark, owned by the group and usable only on compliant equipment, is intended to guarantee interoperability.

Currently, "Wi-Fi" can mean any of Eventually "Wi-Fi" will also mean equipment which implements the Products that say they are Wi-Fi are supposed to also indicate the frequency band in which they operate, 2. In , a group from the University of California at Berkeley presented a paper describing weaknesses in the In the attack they were able to intercept transmissions and gain unauthorized access to wireless networks.

The IEEE set up a dedicated task group to create a replacement security solution titled, These started to appear in products in mid The Wi Fi Alliance definition of interoperability goes well beyond the ability to work in a Wi Fi network. To gain certification under a specific program, products have to show satisfactory performance levels in typical network configurations and have to support both established and emerging applications. A user that purchases a Wi Fi enabled laptop, for instance, would not be satisfied if the laptop established a connection with the home network, only to get the throughput of a dial-up connection.

Similarly, subscribers using a Wi Fi enabled mobile phone would be disappointed, if a voice call could not go thru or was dropped. The Wi Fi Alliance certification process includes three types of tests to ensure interoperability.

Explore content Browse by Subject. Oral Histories. First Hand Histories. Special pages. Recent changes. User assistance Help.